Every time I tried to install, wipefs failed, and I was unable to figure out why, until the Eureka moment struck. This involved following the steps provided on the Tails website, with one small addition. Since I was using Tails for the first time in about 3 years, I chose to go straight from Ubuntu. The choices offered at the Tails website are to install from another Tails installation, or install straight from Ubuntu. While I have my system set to dual boot between Xenial and Windows 7, it is unusual for the Windows system to launch at all, unless I’m in the mood to stream Steam games over moonlight. Wipefs -all -backup /dev/sdb Erases all signatures from the device /dev/sdb and creates a signature backup file ~/wipefs-sdb-.bak for each signature.ĭd if=~/wipefs-sdb-0x00000438.bak of=/dev/sdb seek=$0x00000438 bs=1 conv=notrunc Restores an ext2 signature from the backup file ~/ I decided to install Tails to a flash drive that was not being used. Wipefs /dev/sda* Prints information about sda and all partitions on sda. LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE= use exclusive BSD lock. LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all enables libblkid(3) debug output. V, -version Display version information and exit. The list or individual types can be prefixed with 'no' to specify the types on which no action should be taken. More than one type may be specified in a comma-separated list. t, -types list Limit the set of printed or erased signatures. q, -quiet Suppress any messages after a successful signature wipe. Encode all potentially unsafe characters of a string to the corresponding hex value prefixed by '\x'. p, -parsable Print out in parsable instead of printable format. The offset argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the "iB" is optional, e.g., "K" has the same meaning as "KiB"), or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB. It is possible to specify multiple -o options. The offset number may include a "0x" prefix then the number will be interpreted as a hex value. o, -offset offset Specify the location (in bytes) of the signature which should be erased from the device. n, -no-act Causes everything to be done except for the write(2) call. Use -help to get a list of all supported columns. O, -output list Specify which output columns to print. i, -noheadings Do not print a header line. The default is not to use any lock at all, but it's recommended to avoid collisions with udevd or other tools. This option overwrites environment variable $LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE. If the mode argument is omitted, it defaults to "yes". The optional argument mode can be yes, no (or 1 and 0) or nonblock. lock Use exclusive BSD lock for device or file it operates. This is required in order to erase a partition-table signature on a block device. f, -force Force erasure, even if the filesystem is mounted. For more details see the EXAMPLE section. b, -backup Create a signature backup to the file $HOME/wipefs-.bak. The set of erased signatures can be restricted with the -t option. Note that by default wipefs does not erase nested partition tables on non-whole disk devices. In this case the wipefs scans the device again after each modification (erase) until no magic string is found. When option -a is used, all magic strings that are visible for libblkid(3) are erased. The wipefs command (since v2.31) lists all the offset where a magic strings have been detected. Note that some filesystems and some partition tables store more magic strings on the device (e.g., FAT, ZFS, GPT). This feature can be used to wipe content on partitions devices as well as partition table on a disk device, for example by wipefs -a /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc. The ioctl is called as the last step and when all specified signatures from all specified devices are already erased. Wipefs calls the BLKRRPART ioctl when it has erased a partition-table signature to inform the kernel about the change. Always explicitly define expected columns by using -output columns-list in environments where a stable output is required. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. When used without any options, wipefs lists all visible filesystems and the offsets of their basic signatures. WipeFile: A Simple and Effective Way to Securely Delete Files
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